Shaykh Syu’aib al-Arnauth, A Hadith Researcher and Expert

Recently, the Islamic world has grieved, losing one of its best sons in this age, Shaykh Syu’aib al-Arnauth. He is a productive hadith researcher. At least, there are 240 books that he has known (review and examine his history). On the 26th of Muharam 1438 H to coincide with October 27, 2016, the scholars of this hadith expert died. Rahimahullah rahmatan wasi’atan. Rasulullah ﷺ said:

إن الله لا يقبض العلم انتزاعا ينتزعه من العباد, ولكن يقبض العلم بقبض العلماء حتى إذا لم يبق عالما اتخذ الناس رءوسا جهالا فسئلوا, فأفتوا بغير علم فضلوا وأضلوا.

“Surely Allah does not uproot the knowledge at once from the servants, but Allah revokes the knowledge by referring to the scholars. When there is no more knowledgeable person, people will make people not knowledgeable as leaders. Then they were asked, they would give fatwas without knowledge. They are astray again misleading others. “(Narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim).

Get to know Shaykh Syu’aib al-Arnauth

His name is Syu’aib bin Muharram al-Arnauth. Al-Arnauth is a term for one of the tribes in Albania. His family migrated from Albani to Damascus in 1926. Since then, they have lived in the Syam region. They chose the land of Sham, because his father knew the primacy of Sham and its inhabitants. Sheikh Syu’aib’s father was a person who loved scholars. He was also very happy to be friends with scientists.

Syaikh Syu’aib al-Arnauth was born in Damascus in 1928. He grew up under the guidance of his father. His father taught him Islamic foundations. And guide him memorize a number of juz of the Koran. His familiarity with the Qur’an from childhood made him excited to understand the meanings of the Koran in depth. His curiosity was the main reason that motivated him to learn Arabic at a young age. He busied himself in the mosque. Look for Arabic language assemblies and scientific branches. Such as: Sharf, literature, Balaghah, etc.

Some scholars, such as Imam Malik, ash-Syafi’i, etc. their mothers had so much influence in the growth of their keshalehan and science. There are also those who are recorded in their biographies as influential people in their knowledge.

Learning from the Ulama

Young Syaikh al-Arnauth began to seriously pursue Arabic. He visited Muslim clerics and scholars in the city of Damascus. Among them: Shaykh Shaleh al-Farfur, Syaikh Arif ad-Duwaiji – who is a student of Shaykh Badruddin al-Husna-, etc. Together with his teachers, Syaikh al-Arnauth studied the main reference books of Arabic and balaghah. Such as: Syarah Ibn Aqil, Kifayah by Ibn Hajib, al-Mufashshal by Zamakhsyary, Syudzur adz-Dzahab by Ibn Hisham, Asrar al-Balaghah, and Dala-il al-I’jaz by Jurnany.

The other teachers were Syaikh Sulaiman al-Ghawaji al-Albani, a scholar who gave al-amilAwamil the work of al-Baruky, al-Izh-har by al-Athahly, etc.

After equipping themselves with capable skills in Arabic, Syu’aib al-Arnauth began to study the science of Jurisprudence, especially the fiqh study of the Hanafi School of Religion. In this fan, he also has many teachers who teach him many books. The books of the Hanafi Madhab he studied were Muraqi al-Falah by Ash-Syarnabilaly, al-Ikhtiyar by al-Maushuly, al-Kitab by al-Qadury, and the Hasyid of Ibn Abidin.

For 7 years, he immersed himself in fiqh studies. Then he studied the Uthul Fiqh, the Interpretation of the Qur’an, Musthalah al-Hadith, and moral books. At that time he was more than 30 years old.

Become a Researcher of Hadith (Muhaqqiq)

When studying fiqh, Syaikh al-Arnauth rahimahullah came into contact with the status of a hadith, saheeh or not. This motivated him to research fiqh books whose material content was hadith. He focused on the research. Until finally, he became a specialist in this study. The scientific branch that he has just cultivated is not a minor problem. It takes extensive time and extraordinary focus. Therefore, since 1955, he left the study of Arabic. He began to spend his time researching the Islamic heritage.

In 1982, Syaikh al-Arnauth moved to Omman. In this new place, he collaborated with the printing of Muassasah ar-Risalah. In this printing press, his expertise is increasingly honed. He issued the best effort to devote to Islam and the Muslims by examining the legacy of Islamic civilization.

Refer to the Aqeedah Salaf

In a recording, Syaikh Syu’aib al-Arnauth relates a little phase to his religious life. Shaykh was asked, “O Shaykh, all praise be to Allah – you have the salaf faith.” “God willing,” replied Shaykh Syu’aib. The questioner continued, “But, at our place there are Ash’ariyah Madrasas who say you are an Ash’ari. And hadith experts from Asyari circles. We want to hear directly from you. “

Shaykh Syu’aib replied, “No, for the sake of Allah. At the beginning of my journey of life, my teachers came from Maturidiyah. However, when I started writing, I found a book called Aqawil ats-Tsiqat fi Itsbati al-Asma wa ash-Shifat by Mar’i bin Yusuf al-Karmi. In the book there is a defense against Madzha as-Salaf, and this is what I believe now. As-Salaf School of Madhhab is safer and more knowledgeable. In the matter of the nature of God, we must determine what God has set for Himself. Without tasybih (likeness) and also ta’thil (deny). We must not equate God (with something) and deny His character. And I believe that the attributes of God cannot be reached by reason. Every night, Allah Rabbul amin alamin descends to the sky of the world. This is found in the hadith of al-Bukhari’s history in the Saheeh. We must believe that God descends, but we do not know how His ordinances come down. “

His students

Shaykh Syu’aib al-Arnauth has many students. Among them: Muhammad Na’im al-rArqasusi, Ibrahim az-Zaibeq, Adil Mursyid, Umar Hasan al-Qayyam, Abdul Lathif Hirazullah, Ahmad Barhum, Ridwan al-rArqasusi, and Kamil Qurah Bilali.

Syaikh al-Arnauth has great attention to the scientific abilities of his students. He immediately gave the burden of research to those whom he had recognized his credibility. The Tahqiq method and style of hadith performed by the students of Syaikh al-Arnauth is very similar to that of his teacher. Thus indeed, one’s scientific tradition will be maintained by the many students. Like the four schools of thought, it is maintained until now because the four priests’ students recorded, recorded and preached the methodology of their fiqh study. While the other Jurisprudence schools are missing, because there is no inheritance.

Syaikh Na’im al-rArqasusi said in the introduction to tahqiq the book of Taudhih al-Musytabah by Ibn Nashiruddin, “I say a big thank you especially to him, which is not because of his attention and guidance, I am not able to examine Islamic heritage. To him who deserves respect. A noble, honorable teacher, Shaykh Syu’aib al-Arnauth hafizhahullah. “

Syaikh Ibrahim az-Zaibeq also expressed his gratitude to the teacher who was so influential in his knowledge. He thanked him in the introduction to tahqiq of Ibn Abdul Hadi’s Thabaqat Ulama al-Hadith, “Furthermore … is it enough that my sentence of gratitude is given to my teacher, my shaykh, Syu’aib al-Arnauth? Is it enough of a compliment from me that I wrote for him with sincere love? Indeed, his services to me are broader than gratitude and more noble than praise. In fact, he opened my eyes to the nature of life. I experienced my journey with a bowed mind and a low heart, he made my days a meaningful and valuable year. Then he took my hand into the world of tahqiq … … for you, O my teacher, a broader thank you from the gratitude itself, greater praise from the praise itself. And Allah who is my helper avenges you with the best reply. “

How wonderful is the student’s respect for this teacher.

Shaykh Umar Hasan al-Qayyam said in his introduction to the tahqiq to the Treatise of Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali, “He motivated me to take this path, guruku al-muhaddits al-‘alamah Syu’aib al-Arnauth, one of the scholars of hadith in the present this.”

Syaikh Syu’aib al-Arnauth’s relationship with his students is like a friendship. He is close to his students. Have great enthusiasm so that his students get good. He did not force his opinion on his students. He is happy if his students have independent knowledge. Not infrequently he invites his students to discuss and exchange ideas. This is what has a tremendous influence in the development of the scholarship of his students.

His Research Works

The books examined by Shaykh Syu’aib al-Arnauth were no less than 240 titles. Consists of hadith books, fiqh, interpretation of the Koran, tarajim, akidah, mushthalah al-hadith, adab, etc.

Among the books he examined were:

Published by Maktab al-Islami:

Syarhu as-Sunnah by al-Baghawi totaling 16 volumes,
Raudhatu ath-Thalibin by an-Nawawi. Research collaborated with Syaikh Abdul Qadir al-Arnauth. The book consists of 12 volumes.
Muhadzdzab al-Aghani by Ibnu Manzhur numbered 12 volumes.
Al-Mubdi ‘fi Syarhi al-Muqni’ by 10 Ibn Muflih al-Hanbali.
Zad al-Masir fi Ilmi at-Tafsir by Ibn al-Jauzi. This research collaborated with Syaikh Abdul Qadir al-Arnauth. The book consists of 6 volumes.
Mathalib Ulin Nuha fi Syarhi Ghayatu al-Muntaha by ar-Ruhaibani. This research collaborated with Syaikh Abdul Qadir al-Arnauth. Consists of 6 volumes.
Al-Kafi fi Fiqhi al-Imam al-Mubajjal Ahmad bin Hanbal by Ibn Qudamah. This research collaborated with Syaikh Abdul Qadir al-Arnauth. Consists of 3 volumes.
Manaru as-Sabil fi Syarhi ad-Dalil by Ibnu Dhuyan. Teridir of 2 volumes.
Al-Manazil wa ad-Diyar by Usamah bin Munqidz. Consists of two volumes.
Musnad Abu Bakar by al-Marwazi. Consists of two volumes.

Published by Muassasah ar-Risalah:

Siyar A’lam an-Nubala by adz-Dhahabi. Consists of 20 volumes.
Al-Ihsan fi Tarqrib Saheeh Ibn Hibban compiled by al-Amir Alaunddin al-Farisi. Consisting of 18 volumes.
Sunan an-Nasai al-Kubra. This research collaborated with Hasan Syalbi. From 12 volumes.
Al-wAwashim wa al-Qawashim fi adz-Dzabbi ‘an Sunnati Abi al-Qasim by Ibn al-Wazir.
Sunan at-Turmudzi. Consists of 6 volumes.
Sunan ad-Daruquthni. This research collaborated with Hasan Syalbi. Consists of 5 volumes.
Zaad al-Ma’ad fi Hadyi Khoiri al-badIbad by Ibnul Qayyim. This research collaborated with Syaikh Abdul Qadir al-Arnauth. Consists of 5 volumes.
Date of al-Islam by adz-Dhahabi. This research collaborated with Dr. Bechar ‘Iwadh Maufuf. Syaikh al-Arnauth examined 4 volumes.
At-Ta’liq al-Mumajjad Syarh Muwaththa Muhammad by Abu al-Hasanat al-Lakuni. Consists of 4 volumes.
Musnad al-Imam Ahmad consists of 5 volumes.
Al-Adab ash-Syar’iyah wa al-Minah al-Mar’iyah by Ibn Muflih al-Hanbali. This research collaborated with Umar Hasan al-Qayyam. Consists of 4 volumes.
Thabaqat al-Qurra ‘. This research collaborated with Dr. Basyar Maufuf. Consists of 2 volumes.
Mawarid azh-Zham-an bi Zawa-id Shahih Ibn Hibban by al-Hasyimi. This research collaborated with Ridhwan al-rArqasusi. Consists of 2 volumes.
Syarh al-Aqidah ath-Thahawiyah by Ibn Abi al-Iz. This research collaborated with Dr. Abdullah at-Turki. Consists of 2 volumes.
Riyadhush Shalihin works by an-Nawawi. Teridir of 2 volumes.
Al-Marasil by Abu Dawud. Consists of 2 volumes.
Two Ulama al-Aranauth

In addition to Shaykh Shu’aib, there is another ulaqob al-Arnauth, namely Shaykh Abdul Qadir al-Arnauth. But both of them are not siblings. Both have similarities in terms of sides:

First: have laqob al-Arnauth. Al-Arnauth himself was laqob given to the Balkans who came from al-Albani. Syaikh Abdul Qadir was born in the Kosovo region, while Syaikh Su’aib came from Albania.

Second: both are scholars of tahqiq experts who work together with al-Maktab al-Islami. There are books that they research together.

The portion of da’wah Abdul Qadir al-Arnauth was greater in lectures and teaching. Whereas Shaykh Syu’aib al-Arnauth focuses more on researching Islamic heritage.

The Death of the Expert Tahqiq

Syaikh Syu’aib al-Arnauth died on Thursday 26 Muharram 1438 H to coincide with October 27, 2016. He died in the Jordanian region at the age of 88. Rahimahullah rahmatan wasi’atan.

Life Story of Syaikh al-Albani, Expert of Hadith of the Century

This time, we open a story about a hadith expert. A person who revives the Sunnah of the Prophet, defends him, and gives age to him. He spends days to defend the Sunnah from the followers of the passions and the makers of new teachings. The figure of the hadith cleric in the sense that is actually stuck by him. He is Syaikh al-Imam al-Muhaddits Muhammad Nashiruddin al-Albani rahimahullah. What we are more familiar with is Shaykh Nashiruddin al-Albani.

Nasab Syaikh al-Albani

His name is Muhammad bin Nuh bin Adam bin Najati al-Albani. He was born in 1332 AH / 1914 in the city of Shkodër, the capital of Albania at that time. Allah bestows on him a blessing born in a family that is obedient and familiar with the science of religion. His father, Nuh bin Adam, was an alumni of al-Ma’had asy-Syar’iyah in the capital city of the Ottoman Daula, Istanbul. After completing his education there, the father returned to Albania. Devote to the people by teaching them religion. Until finally he was known as the great Albanian scholar and the reference of the Muslims in the Balkans (Hayatu al-Albani wa Atsaruhu wa Tsana-u al-Ulama aih Alaihi by Muhammad Ibrahim asy-Syaibani, p. 44).

Moved to the Land of Sham

In 1922-1939, Albania was led by a secular king who idolized European-style modernity. His name is Ahmad Mukhtar Zogoli or Zog I or Zogu. In the first two years of his rule, he began to transform Albanian Islam into more secular western scents. He imitated Kemal Ataturk’s steps in westernizing Turkey and removing the Ottoman Empire in 1343 H / 1924 M. Zogu compiled secular laws for the Albanian community. He set rules that forced Muslim women to give up their hijab. Require the military to wear European caps and trousers. And everything that smells of Arabic is replaced by western culture.

Interestingly, the steps of secularization in various countries are similar, not even so different that they are easy to read. Everything that smells of Arabic is replaced in the name of nationalism and preserves local culture. Shari’a is considered customary, then prohibited from practicing it.

The secularization carried out by Zogu made Syaikh al-Albani’s father take a stand. He was worried that his religion and family members would be damaged because of the secular corosit. He said he wanted to move to an Islamic country that won more hearts. He brought his family members to Sham. Precisely in the Syrian capital, Damascus. At that time al-Alabani was only 9 years old.

Assessing Science

Little Al-Albani just arrived in one of the Arab countries. This European child did not know the language of the desert community at all. He also began to study this language in the Madrasah al-Is’af al-Khoriyah. Then he moved to another school in Sarujah Market, Damascus, because his first school had a fire. In this place, al-Albani completed his elementary school education in 4 years. His love for the language of the Koran is sparkling in the heart. His proficiency is recognized and defeats his friends, native Syrian children.

From here we can take lessons, al-Albani from Albania did not know anything about Arabic. But he can master the language. Even later it became a hadith expert. You who want to learn Arabic don’t get discouraged and back down. No less than 1,495 Indonesian words are absorbed from Arabic. That is, we are ‘not very blind’ Indonesian about Arabic.

Little Al-Albani has grown up as a teenager. He began to find another fondness for him. That is reading. But the taste for reading is still so common. He likes to read Antharah bin Syaddad. Detective story Arsene Lupine. And other detective stories (Ahdats Mutsirah fi Hayati ash-Syaikh al-Alamah al-Albani by Muhammad Shalih al-Munajjid, p. 9). This is the initial journey of al-Albani’s life in the world of reading and studying.

Over time, the al-Albani reading content changed. From the reading of the general public, they have deepened their knowledge of religion. It began when the father saw something bad – from the religious side – in a public school. Father al-Albani cut off his son’s school. He provided a special time to educate his children with learning the Koran, Tawheed, Sharf, and Jurisprudence of the Hanafi Madhhab (Hayatu al-Albani wa Atsaruhu wa Tsana-u al-Ulama ‘Alaihi by Muhammad Ibrahim Ash-Syaibani, p. 9).

There is only a way that God irkan destined for those whom He wants good. Turning them away from the unwholesome leads to the benefits. And the best kindness is understanding and practicing this religion.

مَنْ يُرِدِ اللهُ بِهِ خَيْـرًا يُـفَـقِـهْهُ فِي الدِّيْنِ.

“Whoever desires his goodness by Allah, He will make him understand about his (business) religion.” (Sahih Hadith, narrated by Bukhari (no. 71, 3116, 7312), Muslim (no. 1037), Ahmad (IV / 92, 95, 96), etc.).

In addition to studying with his father, al-Albani also learned from many teachers and scholars who were his father’s colleagues. Such as: reviewing the Hanafi fiqh book, Muraqi al-Falah Syarh Nur al-Idhah with Shaykh Muhammad Said al-Burhani. Studying Arabic rules, especially with Syaikh Izuddin at-Tanukhi (Shafahat Baidha min Hayati al-Albani by Athiyah Audah, Hal: 22, 71-72).

Ulema Pun Works to Make a living

While busy with the science of religion, al-Albani spent some of his time supporting himself. Of course this is a wise step. So that later on, when he plunged into the world of da’wah, he did not make da’wah the source of his livelihood.

Carpenter

The first job carried out by al-Albani was to become a carpenter. He worked with his uncle and a Syrian citizen known as Abu Muhammad. He worked for two years. Then because it felt tiring, spent a lot of time and energy, al-Albani left this job.

Clock Repair

In summer, carpenters don’t get jobs. At that time, al-Albani passed in front of his father’s shop. The father is repairing the clock. His father advised him to take advantage of time by repairing the clock. He also accepted his father’s advice. He took the new profession seriously, until he was known as a reliable clock repairman.

This new profession does not take a lot of energy and time. So that his time can be busy with studying religion (Hayatu al-Albani wa Atsaruhu wa Tsana-u al-Ulama ‘Alaihi by Muhammad Ibrahim asy-Syaibani, p. 48).

Studying the Science of Hadith

At the age of 20 years, al-Albani began to like the science of hadith. He was inspired by the study of hadith in al-Manar Magazine, which was raised by Syaikh Muhammad Rasyid Ridha rahimahullah.

Syaikh al-Albani said that he was interested in reading historical histories. One day, he saw in a pile of books a book trader, one speaker from al-Manar Magazine. He read the comments of Shaykh Rashid Ridha on the book Ihya Ulmuddin written by Imam al-Ghazali rahimahullah. In the discussion Syaikh Rasyid Ridha quoted al-Hafizh al-Iraqi’s comments on Ihya Ulumuddin. Al-Iraqi commented on and sort out which hadiths are authentic and which ones are devoted. Then collect it in al-Mughni ‘an Hamli al-Asfar fi al-Asfar fi Takhrij ma Fi al-Ihya mi al-Akhbar.

Al-Iraqi’s work attracted the attention of al-Albani. He also conducted a hadith study of the book. A study that gave him a way to deepen other sciences. Such as: linguistics, balaghah, gharib al-hadith, etc. That is the first scientific study in the field of hadith. This study is like opium which keeps al-Albani enthusiastic in researching other hadiths.

For al-Albani, the science of hadith became a way to open other scientific branches. And he continued to remember Syaikh Rashid Ridha as his wasilah in studying the science of hadith.

In the Azh-Zhahirah Library

Az-Zhahirah library witnessed the love of Syaikh al-Albani to read and tweet the hadith. The library, which is one of the centers of knowledge of the city of Damascus, stores thousands of archives, writings, and classic books. For Syaikh al-Albani, this library is a paradise of the world, his fondness to read can he spill out there in the midst of his inability to buy books.

Syaikh Al-Albani continued to concern himself with the knowledge of the hadith that he loved. Busyness that makes him have no other activities. For someone who is in love, there is no boredom sitting all day with his girlfriend. The rising and setting of the sun are seconds that don’t feel. The party is the state of Syaikh al-Albani with the science of hadith. He sat 18 hours a day in the Az-Zhahirah library studying, researching, commenting, and tahqiq (scientific research on a) hadith narrations. The rest time is only the hours of prayer. Because of his seriousness and seriousness, the library employee gave him a special room. In order for him to be more concentrated in his scientific activities (Hayatu al-Albani wa Atsaruhu wa Tsana-u al-Ulama ‘Alaihi by Muhammad Ibrahim ash-Syaibani, Hal: 51-52).

If you see successful people or experts in a particular field, don’t just be amazed by their achievements. Look at how their business gets it. They get it with sincerity and effort. Syaikh al-Albani sat reading 18 hours a day even more. So that he reaches his current position. How long do you spend reading in a day? Or practice doing a field that you pursue?

Al-Mutanabbi said,

لَوْلا المَشَقّةُ سَادَ النّاسُ كُلُّهُمُ ؛ ألجُودُ يُفْقِرُ وَالإقدامُ قَتّالُ

If it wasn’t for obstacles, everyone would be a successful figure.
Generosity can cause poverty. And advancing to the battlefield invites death.

The same prison as Ibn Taimiyah

On the sidelines of his busy reviewing books and writing, Syaikh al-Albani rahimahullah also took the time to preach. In one of his da’wah trips, there was dialogue and discussion between himself and the clerics and the imam of the mosque. Until finally he was labeled a perverted Wahabi. Mosque priests voiced denial of al-Albani in mosque pulpits. Until he was boycotted from delivering lessons in Damascus mosques, Aleppo, Latakia, and other Syrian cities.

Rumors about Syaikh al-Albani getting wilder, until he was accused of treason against the government. Kontan, the Syrian government that is very sensitive to this issue immediately detained him. Al-Albani was in Damascus prison in 1967. The same prison as Ibn Taimiyah rahimahullah. While in prison, he re-established prayers in congregation and Friday which had been lost there. Some say, no longer enforced congregational prayers and Friday after the time of Ibn Taymiyyah until al-Albani entered prison (Hayatu al-Albani wa Atsaruhu wa Tsana-u al-Ulama ‘Alaihi by Muhammad Ibrahim ash-Syaibani, p. 51-52) .

The Ulama’s Da’wah Trip

Syaikh al-Albani almost visited all the cities in Syria in the context of da’wah visits. Aleppo, Idlib, Latakia, Hama, Homs, etc. have come to him. He also came to areas in Jordan, Lebanon, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Palestine, Egypt, Morocco, Spain, etc.

During each visit Syaikh al-Albani always gave lectures, answered questions, and gave fatwas. Usually these activities are documented in the form of tapes. In addition to lectures on a non-formal basis, Syaikh al-Albani also has formal teaching experience. Like being a teaching staff of the Islamic University of Medina from the beginning of 1381 H / 1961 AD until the end of 1383 H / 1964 AD

His preaching method is not only done face to face, he also often answers questions by mail and telephone.

He had prayed at the Al-Aqsa Mosque. And visiting Granada attended the Al-Muslimin Congress.

There are a number of sunnah which in his lifetime felt so foreign, but he re-popularized those sunnah. Like working on two Id prayers (Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Fitr) in the field. He popularized it in Damascus and Beirut. Then the aqiqah sunnah, tarawih prayers on the night of Ramadan with 11 rak’ahs, reading hajah sermons on Friday sermons, syar’i headscarves, reminded the people not to build mosques above the graves and pray in such mosques. In the 60s, of course the sunnah were not known as they are now. Even now, some of the sunnah still feels strange.

He also motivated the youth to give great attention to the study of the Sunnah. Then creating modern means to make it easier for people to study the hadiths of the Prophet ﷺ (Islam ad-Da’wah Muhammad Nashiruddin al-Albani Muhaddits al-‘Ashr Nashir as-Sunnah by Abdullah al-Aqil, p. 1063-1064) .

The principle we can learn is that even though the Sunnah of the Prophet asing is considered foreign, start doing it first. Over time, people will know him.

Making Relationships Near Fellow Ulama

Syaikh al-Albani met with many scholars and claimants of knowledge. He learned from them and vice versa. Al-Albani met and gave the certificate of sanad to the historian and muhadits of Aleppo, Shaykh Raghib ath-Thabbakh (Islam ad-Da’wah Muhammad Nashiruddin al-Albani Muhaddits al-‘Ashr Nashir as-Sunnah by Abdullah al-Aqil, Hal: 1062).

He also met Shaykh Hamid al-Faqi the chairman of Jam’iyah Ansar as-Sunnah al-Muhammadiyah in Egypt and al-Muadditsh al-Muhaqqiq Ahmad Syakir.

Syaikh al-Albani has a special relationship with Syaikh Ibn Baz rahimahullah. Both of them sometimes discuss and write to each other.

And many other scholars have met and had close relations with him. Not only from the Arabian Peninsula, but also from India, Turkey, Syria, Egypt, Morocco, etc. (Hayatu al-Albani wa Atsaruhu wa Tsana-u al-Ulama ‘Alaihi by Muhammad Ibrahim asy-Syaibani, p. 64 -73).

Expertise in the Field of Hadith

Someone is said to be an expert, expert or maestro in a field seen from his work in the field he is engaged in. Syaikh al-Albani rahimahullah has many scientific works and research in the field of hadith. His works are spread all over the world and have been translated into various languages. Many da’i and religious students take the principles from their works. He also became the main reference, especially in the field of hadith.

His expertise is recognized by various groups. Among them:

First: The Faculty of Sharia University of Damascus chose him as the person who checked the status of a hadith in Mausu’ah al-Fiqh al-Islami (Encyclopedia of Islamic Law), specifically the trading chapter. The University made the results of its research as a standardization of the status of a hadith in 1955.

Second: As-Salafiyah University in the City of Varnasi, India, asked him to be a university shaykh mentor in the field of hadith. But Syaikh al-Albani did not agree to the request.

Third: In 1395 H / 1975 M to 1398 H / 1978 M, through the request of King Khalid bin Abdul Aziz (King of Saudi Arabia at the time) asked Syaikh al-Albani to become a member of the council of professors (senate council) Islamic University of Medina.

Fifth: The Fatwa Council in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, assigns them to Egypt, Morocco and the United Kingdom to hold lectures on the belief in the monotheism and the correct method of Muslim religion.

And there are many more scientific activities of Syaikh al-Albani. All of them are recognition of their expertise from major Islamic institutions to the international level (Hayatu al-Albani wa Atsaruhu wa Tsana-u al-Ulama ‘Alaihi by Muhammad Ibrahim ash-Syaibani, Hal: 75-76).

Scientific work

Syaikh al-Albani is a productive scholar. Many of his works were born in order to develop the struggle for the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ. The works we can still enjoy today. He produced more than 100 scientific works. There are purely writings, some of which are tahqiq (careful scientific research on the status of a hadith: saheeh, hasan, dhaif, or maudhu), ta’liq (commentary), and takhrij (attribute the hadith at the source).

Among his works are:

Adabu az-Zifaf fi Sunnati al-Mutahharah.
Ahadith al-Isra wa al-Mi’raj.
Ahkam al-Jana-iz.
Irwa-u al-Ghalil fi Takhrij Ahadits Manar as-Sabil.
Al-As-ilatu wa al-Ajwibah.
Shifatu Shalat the Prophet sallallaahu ‘Alaihi wa Sallam min at-Takbir ila at-Taslim Ka-annaka Taraha.
Shahih wa Dha’if al-Jami ‘ash-Shaghir wa Ziyadatuhu.
Shahih as-Sirah an-Nabawiyah.
Shahih wa Dha’if at-Targhib wa at-Tarhib.
Hijab al-Mar-ah al-Muslimah.
Silsilatu al-Ahadits ash-Shahihah wa Syaiun min Fiqhiha wa Fawa-iduha.
Silsilatu al-Ahadits adh-Dha’ifah wa al-Maudhu’ah wa Atsaruha as-Sayyi ‘fi al-Ummah.
Manzilatu as-Sunnah fi al-Islam.

Here are some scientific works. For those of you who have read one of them, you will find a methodology that is different from other writers. Because we will enjoy the study of the hadith narrators in his footnotes. That’s where the writing style of a hadith expert feels.

Praise of the cleric against him

Shaykh Abdul Aziz bin Baz said, “Al-Albani is a reformist of this century in the science of hadith.”

Shaykh Muhammad bin Salih al-Uthaymeen praised him by saying, “Indeed al-Albani has extensive knowledge in the field of hadith, narrated and his history. He is the expert of the hadith of this century. “

Al-Muhaqqiq Muhibuddin al-Khatib said, “Indeed al-Albani is a person who calls on the Sunnah. He donated his life to charity and reviving the sunnah (hadith of the Prophet ﷺ).

Syaikh Ali ath-Thanthawi said, “Syaikh Nashiruddin al-Albani is more knowledgeable than me in the matter of hadith. I respect him because of his sincerity, enthusiasm, and the amount of writing written by my brother and my parents (greeting) Zuhair ash-Syawisy. I refer to Shaykh Nashir in the matter of hadith and I do not question him because he knows his virtues (in the matter of hadith) (Islam ad-Da’wah Muhammad Nashiruddin al-Albani Muhaddits al-‘Ashr Nashir as-Sunnah by Abdullah al-Aqil, Hal : 1068).

Combining Science and Charity

Syaikh al-Albani is a person who is very eager to harmonize the practice of worship with the sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ. Both in the procedure of worship, the amount, and the time. Shaykh Muhammad bin Shaleh al-Uthaymeen said, “What I know from Syaikh al-Albani from my encounter with him, he is a very passionate person in harmonizing charity with the sunnah and criticizing bid’ah. Whether in terms of aqidah or deeds “.

Not infrequently when hearing the recitation of the Qur’an or the hadith of the Prophet ﷺ about the promises and threats of Allah, Syaikh al-Albani cried. The Qur’an and hadith are so easy to touch his heart.

Among Syaikh al-Albani’s habits is routinely fasting Monday and Thursday. During winter and in summer. Unless he is sick or is on a safari. When he entered Friday, he always prayed two rak’ahs, two rak’ahs, until the sermon rose to the pulpit. He pilgrims and recites every year, if nothing hinders him. Sometimes he gives out twice a year. He had a pilgrimage of 30 times (al-Imam al-Albani Durus wa Mawaqif wa ‘Ibar by Abdul Aziz bin Muhammad as-Sadhan, p. 88).

Of course pilgrimage when it’s not like now. So it is more possible to do it repeatedly.

His students

Syaikh al-Albani’s students are widespread in the Islamic world. Some of the famous ones among them are:

Syaikh Muqbin bin Hadi al-Wadi’i,
Syaikh Muhammad bin Jamil Zainu,
Shaykh Husein al-Awaisyah,
Syaikh Ali Hasan al-Halaby,
Syaikh Masyhur Hasan Salman,
Shaykh Salim ibn Id al-Hilay,
Syaikh Muhammad Ibrahim ash-Syaibani,
Shaykh Hamdi bin Abdul Majid as-Salafy, etc. (Hayatu al-Albani wa Atsaruhu wa Tsana-u al-Ulama ‘Alaihi by Muhammad Ibrahim ash-Syaibani, p. 94-106).
The death of the Mujaddid

At the end of his life, Syaikh al-Albani suffered from several diseases. With that condition, he remained patient and hoped for reward from Allah ﷻ. Among the illnesses that he suffered were Anemia, liver and kidney disorders. This condition does not make him rest. He continued to research and study the hadith. To the extent that when he sleeps, people hear him delirious, “Give me the book al-Jarh wa at-Ta’dil, so many juz and pages” and he mentions the names of other books.

That is because of his enthusiasm in reading and researching. Until in the books it was carried into dreams (Shafahat Baidha min Hayati al-Albani by Athiyah Audah, p. 93-94).

After filling his life with knowledge, charity and da’wah, he also suffered from several diseases, Syaikh al-Albani died. He died on Saturday 22 Jumadil Akhir 1420 H / 2 October 1999 M. On that day the procession of his body was completed. This is his will to hasten his funeral. Because that is the best according to the guidance (sunnah) of the Prophet ﷺ. His student, Muhammad bin Ibrahim Syaqrah became a priest in his prayer. He was buried after the evening prayer (al-Imam al-Albani Durus wa Mawaqif wa ‘Ibar by Abdul Aziz bin Muhammad as-Sadhan, p. 292).

May Allah bless Syaikh al-Albani with extensive grace. Place it in His highest heaven. Replying to his services with devotion to the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ.

Harun al-Rasyid, the Best Caliph of the Abbasid Dynasty

One of the great figures of this people who succeeded in making the Romans bow their heads because his authority was al-Khalifah al-Mujahid Harun al-Rashid rahimahullah. A noble man whose history is obscured and killed by his character by people who hate Islam and the Muslims. He is described as a crazy drunkard. Masher man with many concubines. Cruel and tyrannical leader. Though he is the best caliph in the Abbasid Daula. He is a mujahid. Leaders who are concerned with science and scholars. And other virtues. Maybe this is what caused the slander to be exhaled. He is described as an irresponsible leader. Next to him there was only khamr and drunk. False stories and false stories were made to support the slander.

Ibn Khalkan said, “Harun al-Rashid included the most noble and great caliph who served the most. He is hajj, jihad, war, brave, and intelligent. “(Siyar A’lam Nubala, Juz: 7 al-Rasyid).

Nasab and Birth

The reason is Abu Ja’far. While the name and nasab are Harun bin al-Mahdi Muhammad bin al-Manshur Abu Ja’far Abdullah bin Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abdullah bin Abbas al-Qurasyi al-Hasyimi al-Abbasi. So, he was a Quraysh of one tribe with the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. And the descendants of the Prophet’s uncle, Abbas bin Abdul Muthalib radhiallahu ‘anhu.

Harun al-Rasyid was born in 148 AH in the City of Ray. At that time, his father became the leader of the Ray and Khurasan region. His mother is al-Khayziran (Arabic: الخيزران), the ummah of Ummul Hadi.

Since childhood, Harun al-Rasyid has had special qualities such as courage and strength. This trait made him very worthy of being his father’s successor when he was in his 20s.

Serve the Caliph

Harun al-Rashid served as caliph of the Abbasid Daula to replace his father, Mahdi. His appointment took place on Saturday night 16 Rabiul Awal 170 H. He occupied the highest position in the Abbasid Daula until the end of the month of Jumadil 194 H.

When he served as caliph, he was only 25 years old. He gathered with Abu Musa, but people worshiped him with Abu Ja’far.

Caliph the Salih

Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi mentions in the Baghdad Date, “Some of Aaron’s companions told him that he prayed 100 times a day. He did this with istiqomah until he died. Unless there is a reason that prevents it. He gives charity by donating 1000 dirhams every day. If he performs the Hajj, participates with him 100 Muslim jurists (ulama) and their children. If he does not perform Hajj, then he presents 300 people with supplies of armor, kiswah, and others. “(Baghdad Date Bab al-Ha-u)

Al-Mas’udi noted the years in which Harun al-Rasyid performed the Hajj. From his notes Harun al-Rasyid Hajj in the years 170, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 181, 186, and 188 H.

Adz-Dzahabi said in his article, “In 179, Harun al-Rasyid passed away in the month of Ramadan. He is always in his ihram until the Hajj season arrives. He walked from his house to Arafat. “(Siyar A’lam Nubala, Juz: 7 al-Rasyid).

The practice of Harun al-Rasyid denies those who are not pilgrimage for reasons of social care. Both of these services can be done without sacrificing one of them. Harun al-Rasyid had pilgrimage and also had great attention in social relations.

His life is a model

Al-Manshur bin Ammar said, “I do not see people who are more easily shed tears when dhikr exceeds three people: al-Fudhail bin Iyad, (Harun) al-Rashid, and others.” (Mukhtashar Tarikh Dimasyq, Juz: 27 , P. 19).

It was reported, one day Ibn as-Samak met al-Rasyid. At that time Harun al-Rasyid asked for a drink. Give him a bowl of drink. Ibn as-Samak said, “O Amir al-mu’minin, if you are prevented from drinking this drink – you don’t even have one of these water bowls – what are you going to buy it for?” “With half my kingdom,” replied al-Rasyid. “Drink it, may Allah give you peace,” said Ibn as-Samak.

After al-Rashid finished drinking the water, Ibn as-Samak again said, “If this water is blocked from coming out of your body, with what would you redeem it so he could come out?” “With all my kingdom,” replied al-Rasyid. Ibn as-Samak continued, “Actually the price of a kingdom is only with a sip of water and urine. It’s really inappropriate for someone to compete for it. “Harun al-Rasyid burst into tears. (Tarikh al-Khulafa, Juz: 1, p. 216).

Ibnul Jauzi recounts, “al-Rashid said to Syibyan, ‘Nashiatilah aku’. Syibyan said, “Befriend people who make you afraid, but with that you feel safe. This is better for you than making friends with people who make you feel safe, but you become scared. “

“Explain the purpose of the statement to me,” said al-Rasyid.

“The person who told you,” You are responsible for your people, so fear Allah. ” Such people are better for you. Instead of those who say, au You are ahlul bait (apostle’s family). Your sins are forgiven. You are a relative of the Prophet ’’. “Harun al-Rashid cried, to the point that people around him felt sorry for him (Tarikh al-Khulafa, Juz: 1, p. 216).

Loving the Sunnah and the Ulama

Al-Rasyid is a leader who loves the scholars. He glorifies and glorifies religion. Hate debate and talk a lot. Al-Qadhi al-Fadhil in some of his letters said, “I did not know that there was a King who had never rested for knowledge, except al-Rashid. He went with his two sons, al-Amin and al-Makmun, to hear al-Muwatha read by Imam Malik rahimahullah. “(Tarikh al-Khulafa, Juz: 1, p. 217)

When the news came to him a figure of tabiut tabi’in, Abdullah bin al-Mubarak rahimahullah, died, Harun al-Rasyid sat sad. And the characters tried to cheer him up.

Abu Muawiyah adh-Dharir said, “It is not for me to call the Prophet-before al-Rashid unless he says sallallaahu‘ ala sayyidi (prayer of Allah upon my master). Then I narrated to him his hadith,

وددت أني أقاتل في سبيل الله فأقتل ثم أحيى ثم أقتل

“If only I had fought in the way of Allah, then killed. After that I came back to life and was killed again. “(Narrated by al-Bukhari 6799).

He sobbed until he sobbed.

From Khurzadz al-Abid, he said, “Abu Muawiyah delivered a hadith – Nabi ﷺ – to al-Rasyid. Namely the hadith about the story of Prophet Adam defeating the prophet Moses. Then someone asked, “Where did the two meet?” Al-Rasyid was angry and said, “Lay the skin and pull the sword. A zindiq has insulted the hadith “. Abu Muawiyah also harassed Harun al-Rashid to extinguish his anger. (al-Fawa-id adz-dzahabiyah min Siyar A’lam Nubala, Juz: 1, p. 10)

The hadith are:

عن طاوس قال سمعت أبا هريرة يقولا قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم احتج آدم وموسى فقال موسى يا آدم أنت أبونا خيبتنا وأخرجتنا من الجنة فقال له آدم أنت موسى اصطفاك الله بكلامه وخط لك بيده أتلومني على أمر قدره الله علي قبل أن يخلقني بأربعين سنة فقال النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَحَجَّ آدَمُ مُوسَى فَحَجَّ آدَمُ مُوسَى

Adam and Musa aih alaihimasslam debated each other. Moses said, “O Adam, you are our father. You have disappointed us and brought us out of heaven because of your sins. “

Adam replied, “O Moses, God has chosen you with His word and wrote the Torah to you with His hand. Do you condemn the things God has determined for me forty years before He created me? “

The Prophet said, “Adam’s argument defeated Moses. Adam’s argument defeated Moses. “(Narrated by Muslim No.4793).

Hearing this hadith, spontaneously one of the assemblies in Harun al-Rasyid joked, “Where did the two meet?” But Harun al-Rasyid captured this statement as a response to refute. So that he immediately responded seriously to someone he considered daring to belie the hadith of the Prophet ﷺ. An-nuth’u wa as-saif (sword), said al-Rasyid. An-nuth’u is a skin that is spread out to execute someone so that the blood does not wet the floor.

Denied the hadith is not a small matter in the eyes of Harun al-Rasyid. He came to call the person with zindiq, that is, a person who denied and denied the Shari’a. While the Muslims today easily reject the hadith, without feeling the slightest guilty. They said, “This hadith is no longer relevant to the present”, “This hadith is such an interpretation and thus – means to reject the hadith-“, etc.

Al-Fudhail bin Iyadh rahimahullah said, “No one died, it felt heavier than the Amir al-mu’minin Harun. I wonder if God added his age from my age. “He continued,” It feels heavy to us. When Harun died, slander arose. Al-Makmun (Aaron’s son) called on the people to believe that the Qur’an was a creature. “(At-Tafsir min Sunan Said bin Manshur, p. 25)

Harun al-Rasyid and Roman Emperor Nikephoros I

In 187 AH, Harun al-Rasyid received a letter from the Roman Emperor Nikephoros I. The letter contained the cancellation of the peace agreement between the Romans and the Abbasids which had been agreed upon by the previous Roman Reverend. The contents of the letter Nikephoros are as follows:

From Nikephoros, Roman Emperor, to Aaron, King of Arabia. Amma ba’du ..

Actually, the emperor before me gave you the position of the fort (in the chess pen game). And he positioned himself as a pawn. He brings to you his assets. Actually I can give an amount many times from him. But it was because of his weakness and stupidity as a woman. If you read my letter, return what you have before me! If not, then the sword (who speaks) between me and you!

When al-Rasyid read this letter, he was furious. No one dared to look at his face. Moreover, issued a word to him. The people who were sitting with him stepped aside out of fear. The minister was silent. Al-Rasyid wrote a reply letter:

Bismillahir rahmanir Rahim.

From Aaron Amir al-mu’minin, to Nikephoros the Roman dog. I have read your letter O infidel girl. The answer is something you will see before you hear.

That day Harun al-Rasyid led his own troops to Rome. Until finally al-Rashid succeeded in conquering the City of Hercules – a city near Constantinople -, Nikephoros was frightened. He again called for a peace treaty and was willing to pay tribute (Tabari’s chapter on the Sanah Sab’u wa Tsamanin wa Mi-ah).

Prosperity in the Era of His Government

There is a piece of sentence uttered by Harun al-Rasyid describing the extent and prosperity of his territory. One day al-Rasyid saw a cloud, then he said,

أمطري حيث شئت ؛ فسيأتيني خراجك

“It’s raining wherever you want. The produce will come to me. “(Mausu’ah Akhlak wa Zuhd wa Raqa-iq Juz 1 p. 198).

The rain will be beneficial to the Muslims, both descending in the Dintasti Abbasid Islamic jurisdiction or outside the region. If he goes down in the Islamic region, the Muslims will use the water to drink and irrigate their fields. And if it comes down in addition to the territory of the Muslims, the results of the earth will come to Muslims in the form of jizyah.

This is a picture of the glory, prosperity, and power of the Muslims in the era of Harun al-Rashid Rahimahullah.

Al-Rasyid’s death

Harun al-Rashid had dreamed of his death. In his dream he saw himself holding a red land. That’s where he died.

The dream came true. When al-Rasyid traveled to Khurasan, upon arrival in Thousand City, he fell ill. Al-Rasyid ordered his servants, “Bring me a container of land from this place.” Then he gave the red land in the diversity. Seeing that, al-Rashid said, “By Allah, this is the palm of the hand that I see. And the land in his hand. “

He ordered the excavation of his tomb while he was still alive. Then he asked to read the Koran in its entirety. After that, he asked to be taken to his tomb. “Heading to this place is the journey (life), O son of Adam,” said al-Rasyid. He also cried. Three days later, he died.

Is Mariyah al-Qibthiyah the Prophet’s wife?

Mariyah bint Syam’un al-Qibthiyah is a woman from Egypt. In the year 7 AH, the King of Alexandria (Egypt), Muqauqis, sent the Mariyah to the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Friends of Hatib bin Abi Balta’ah took care of him on the way to Medina. When he met the Prophet, he embraced Islam.

Embracing Islam

In the 6th year H, the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam accused the kings. He sent them a letter. Inviting them to embrace Islam. Among the kings who got the letter was Muqauqis, King of Alexandria, Egypt. In response to the letter, Muqauqis gave many gifts to the Prophet. Among them are Mariyah and her sister named Sirin. Also included was Khasi, Mariya’s brother. He also rewarded the prophet with lots of gold. 20 soft clothes. A bighal and a donkey. The prizes were entrusted to the friend of Hatib bin Abi Balta’ah radhiallahu ‘anhu.

Hatib accused Mariyah, Sirin, and Khasi. Mariyah is interested in Islam. Sirin immediately embraced this noble religion. While Khasi remained above his new religion when he arrived in Medina, he embraced Islam.

From this we get a lesson, most non-Muslims do not embrace Islam because they do not know Islam. Or they get wrong information about Islam. Muslims should not be afraid and delay to preach. Introduce this religion to non-Muslims. They have the right to know the truth. So that they get choices and choose the best path for their life. That is, every Muslim must equip himself with religious knowledge.

We also know why the Messenger of Allah forbade anyone to live in an infidel country. Because there, information about Islam is minimal. While the ambiguity of thinking about Islam is very large. This news gap can endanger the faith of a Muslim.

With the Messenger of Allah

Mariyah is a beautiful white woman. But he did not belong to the ummah of the believers. In the month of Dhul Hijjah in 8 H, Mariyah gave birth to the son of the Prophet and was named Ibrahim. The Prophet’s wives also felt jealous of him.

With the birth of Ibrahim, Mariyah became an independent woman. Ibn Abbas said, “When Mariyah gave birth, the Prophet said,” He was liberated by his son. “Ibrahim lived for a year and a few months in the attention of the Prophet. Before he was two years old, Ibrahim was sick. Then he died when he was only 18 months old. He died in the year 10 AH, on Tuesday when the new Rabiul Awal was running several days. Mariyah was very sad with her son’s departure.
To understand the position of Mariyah, we can see the words of Mother Ayesha radhiallahu ha anha, “I never jealous of women with the Prophet as my jealousy for Mariyah. Because she is a very beautiful woman and her hair is wavy. The Prophet was very interested in him. When he first arrived, he placed Mariyah in the house of Harithah bin an-Nu’man so that we became neighbors. Day and night the Messenger of Allah be with him until we take the time to pay attention to him so that he does not feel at home. Then the Prophet moved him to a higher area. He often met him there. That is the hardest for us. “

Die

Mariyah died on the month of Muharam in 16 H. Umar bin al-Khattab gathered people to overtake him. And he was buried in Baqi Cemetery. Ibn Mandah said, “Mariyah died 5 years after the Prophet died. Radhiallahu ‘anha wa askanahu fasiha jannatih.

Is Raihanah binti Zaid the Prophet’s wife?

Previously, we talked about the biography of eleven wives of the Prophet sallallaahu aih alaihi wa sallam. This time, we will talk about women disputed by historians; is he the wife of the Prophet or not. The first woman we will bring to the story is Raihanah binti Zaid bin Amr bin Khunafah radhiallahu ‘anha.

Nasab

He is Raihanah bint Zaid bin Amr bin Khunafah radhiallahu ‘anha. There is also a saying that the word is Raihanah bint Zaid bin Amr bin Khunafah bin Syamun bin Zaid from the Banu Nadhir (al-Maqrizi: Imta ‘al-Asma’ Cet. Dar al-Kitab al-lIlmiyah Beirut 6/131). There are also those who call it from the Banu Quraizhah (Mahdi Rizqullah: Terj. Sirawi Nabawiyah. Cet. Shield of the Qur’an Koran: 844). And the most opinion stated that he came from Banu Quraizhah.

Embracing Islam

Initially, Raihanah was the wife of a Bani Quraizhah man known as al-Hakam. Her husband loved her very much. Glorify and do good to him. Raihanah is also a beautiful woman who has a respectable position in the middle of her people. He is smart and good at analyzing problems.

When the Bani Quraizhah Jews condemned the agreement between them and the Muslims, the Prophet and his companions attacked them. They were defeated so that their women became captives. Raihanah became the captive of the Prophet.

At first Raihanah refused to embrace Islam. He is still fanatical about his Jewish religion. This situation makes the Prophet uncomfortable. When the Prophet was with his friends, he heard the steps approaching him, apparently Tsa’labah bin Sa’yah reported on Raihanah’s Islam. The Messenger of Allah rejoiced and gave him joy to release him, marry him, and wear a hijab for him. But Raihanah said, “O Messenger of Allah, let me remain in your power (your slave). It is lighter for me and for you as well. “The Prophet allowed his status to be as before (al-Maqrizi: Imta ‘al-Asma’ Cet. Dar al-Kitab al-lIlmiyah Beirut 6/131).

In other versions mentioned:

When the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam was in the middle of his best friend, he heard the pace of the steps. He said, “This is the sound of the pace of his sandals Ibn Sa’yah. He wanted to give me good news with Islamic Raihanah. “Ibn Sa’yah came and said,” O Messenger of Allah, Raihanah has embraced Islam. Cheer up with this news. “The Prophet sent Raihanah to the house of Salma bint Qays (Umul Mundzir). He stayed there until he experienced menstruation and holiness from the menstruation.

Ummul Mundzir came to meet the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. He reported that Raihanah was holy. The Prophet came to his house. Then say to Raihanah,

نَ أَحْبَبْتِ أَنْ أُعْتِقَكِ ، وَأَتَزَوَّجَكِ فَعَلْتُ ، وَإِنْ أَحْبَبْتِ أَنْ تَكُونِي

“If you want, I will free you. Then marry you and I have done it. But, if you prefer to be my ownership, I will obey. And I’ve done it. “

Raihanah answers,

يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ أَخَفُّ عَلَيْكَ وَعَلَيَّ أَنْ أَكُونَ فِي مِلْكِكَ

“O Messenger of Allah, it is lighter for you and for me if I am under your ownership.”

The relationship between Raihanah and the Prophet continued until he died (Ibn Kathir: as-Sirah an-Nabawiyah, 4/604).

Is Raihanah a Believer of the Faithful?

The scholars differed whether Raihanah included the wife of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam or his slave. Those who argue that Raihanah radhiallahu ha anha is a slave he argues with narrations that mention that Raihanah himself preferred to be his slave than his wife.

Similarly, narrated from Ibn Sirin (seoran tabi’in) that there was someone who met Raihanah radhiallahu ‘anha. The person said, “Surely Allah does not want you as the mother of believers.” Raihanah answers, “(thus) you do not want God to be my child.”

Raihanah’s answer shows that she is not the wife of the prophet (Ahmad Khalil Jum’ah: Nisa Ahlul Baits, Cet. Darul Yamamah Beirut, Hal: 453).

Among historians who argue that Raihanah is the wife of the Prophet is al-Waqidi. He said, “The Prophet sallallaahu‘ alaihi wa sallam freed Raihanah bint Zaid bin Amr bin Khunafah. And at that time he was married. Her husband loves and glorifies her. He said, ‘I will not ask to be guarded (married) anyone afterwards. ‘ She is a beautiful woman. When he became a prisoner of the Banu Quraizah, he was confronted with the Messenger of Allah sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. He said, “I was among the people confronted by him. He ordered that I be separated. He has a part of every booty. When I was separated, God subjected me. I was put in the home of Um Mundzir bint Qais for several days. Until the execution of the Bani Quraizhah forces was over and the prisoners separated. Then the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam came to see me. I feel very embarrassed. He preached to me and sat me before him. He said,

إِنِ اخْتَرْتِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ اخْتَارَكِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِنَفْسِهِ

‘If you choose Allah and His Messenger, then His Messenger will choose you for himself. ‘

I replied, “Actually I chose Allah and His Messenger.”

When I embraced Islam, the Messenger of Allah freed me and married me. He gave dowry worth ten uqiyah (1 uqiyah = 119 gr) and wheat. As he gave the dowry of his other wives. The wedding was held at the house of Um Mundzir. He divided his days as he did for other wives. Then wear a hijab for me. “

Al-Waqidi said, “The Prophet sallallaahu‘ alaihi wa sallam admired him. It is not he asking for something to be given. Some say to Raihanah, saja If only you asked the Messenger of Allah to free Bani Quraizhah, surely he would free them. ‘ He replied, ‘He hasn’t been with me until all the prisoners are separated.’ The Messenger of Allah is always with him. And many spend time with him. This togetherness continues until Raihanah dies after returning from the Wada pilgrimage. The Prophet buried him at Baqi. And the time of his marriage to the Prophet was the Month of Muharam in the year 6 H. “(Ibn Kathir: al-Bidayah wa an-Nihayah, Cet. Dar Hijr Litthaba’ah, 8/235).

Ibn Saad in his Tabaqat also agreed with al-Waqidi. He said, “This is what was told to us about his deliverance and marriage. This is a valid history in our opinion. And this is also the opinion of the scholars. But I heard that there was a history that he was on the side of the Prophet not yet free. He was a slave of the Prophet until he died. “(Ibn Saad: Ath-Thabaqat al-Kubra, Cet. Dar Shadir Beirut, 8/130).

A strong opinion is Raihanah is a slave to the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. And he did not marry her. Even though there are differences, this does not reduce the position of Raihanah radhiallahu ‘anha. He has a great position because of his proximity to the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. And because he was one of the women at the Prophet’s house. It is destined for happiness by this position.

His death

Raihanah has been granted great pleasure by several years in the shade of the holy Prophet’s house. He experienced life with the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Gain glory and position in the world and tarbiyah ruhiyah. With the Prophet, he felt comfortable with guidance and guidance. However, his life in the Prophet’s house was not so long. He died in the lifetime of the Prophet.

When returning from the Hajj Wada ‘year 10 H, Raihanah dies. The Prophet sallallaahu aih alaihi wa sallam buried him in Baqi Cemetery ‘(Ahmad Khalil Jum’ah: Nisa Ahlul Bait, Hal: 454).

May Allah meridhai and bless Raihanah bint Zaid. And place it in His highest heaven.

Mother of Believers Maimunah bint al-Harits

The First Believer, Maimunah bint al-Harith bin Hazn al-Hilali was the last woman married to the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Not many know this Bani Hilal noble woman. Now, let’s get to know him. Because he is our mother, mother of those who believe.

Nasab

Ummah Muminin Maimunah was the daughter of al-Harits bin Hazn ibn Bujair ibn al-Hazm bin Ruwaibah bin Abdullah bin Hilal. He was born 29 years before hijrah and died in 51 H. Along with 593 AD and died in 671 M. His mother was named Hind bint Auf bin Zuhair bin al-Harith bin Hamathah bin Humair.

The siblings of the First Believers, Maimunah, were Umad Fadhl Lubabah al-Kubra bint al-Harits who was the wife of al-Abbas bin Abdul Muthalib, uncle of the Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Then Lubabah ash-Shugra Ashma bint al-Harits. He was the wife of al-Walid bin al-Mughirah and the mother of Khalid bin al-Walid Saifullah radhiallahu ‘anhu. Then Lubabah ash-Shugra married Ubay bin Khalaf al-Jahmi. From him, he has a child named Aban and others. The next sister was Izzah binti al-Harits who was the wife of Ziyad bin Abdullah bin Malik. They are all brothers and sisters and Maimunah’s mothers. As for his mother’s sister, Asma bint Umais who was the wife of Ja’far bin Abu Talib (Tabari Muhibbuddin: as-Simthu ats-Tsamin, p. 189)

Some say, the woman who has the best daughter-in-law in this world is Hind bint Auf bin al-Harits, the mother of the Believers Maimunah radhiallahu ha anha. His son-in-law is al-Abbas and Hamzah. Two sons of Abdul Muthalib. Abbas married his daughter Lubabah al-Kubra bint al-Harits. And Hamzah married Salma binti Umais.

The other maids are Ja’far and Ali. Two sons of Abu Talib. Both of them married Asma binti Umais. First Asma is married to Ja’far. After Ja’far died in the War of Mu’tah and Asma finished the period of his prayer, he was married by Abu Bakr al-Siddiq. Then just married Ali bin Abu Talib. When Hamzah died at the Battle of Uhud, Salma was married to Usamah bin al-Hadi al-Laitsi.

And his best son-in-law was of course the Messenger of Allah sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam who married two of his daughters. First the First Faithful Prophet Zainab bint Khuzaimah radhiallahu ‘anha. After he died, in the next period the Prophet married the Muslim Brotherhood Maimunah binti al-Harith (al-Ashami: Simthu an-Nujum al-Awali, 1/201).

If you only see from a worldly perspective; position, nasab, and character, of course the name al-Walid bin al-Mughirah -ahah Khalid bin al-Walid- will be a complement to how charming the sons-in-law of Hind binti Auf. However, the spiritual perspective is more important for us. So that it does not make al-Walid an added glory for him. Allah Ta’ala believed about the value of an unbeliever,

أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَلِقَائِهِ فَحَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ فَلَا نُقِيمُ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَزْنًا

“Those who have kufr against the verses of their Lord and (kufr against) encounter with Him, then erase their deeds, and We do not make an assessment for them on the Day of Judgment.” [Quran Al-Kahf: 105].

Its glory

The First Believer Maimunah bint al-Harith was respected by other wives. Because he was the sister of Umad Fadhl, the wife of the uncle of the prophet, al-Abbas bin Abdul Muthalib radhiallahu ‘anhu. Then aunt from Khalid bin al-Walid. And also aunt Abdullah bin Abbas (adz-Dzahabi: Siyar A’lam an-Nubala, 2/238).

Another feature of Maimunah’s mother was that she narrated the seven hadith contained in Shahih al-Bukhari and Muslim. One hadith narrated by al-Bukhari only. Five hadiths by Muslims only. And the total hadiths he recites are thirteen hadith (adz-Dzahabi: Siyar A’lam an-Nubala, 2/238).

The Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam called Umm Al-mu’minin Maimunah and his sisters as believers. From Abdullah bin Abbas radhiallahu ‘anhuma, the Prophet sallallaahu‘ alaihi wa sallam said,

الأخوات مؤمنات: ميمونة زوج النبي, وأم الفضل بنت الحارث, وسلمى امرأة حمزة, وأسماء بنت عميس هي أختهن لأمهن

“The believing sisters are Maimunah, the wife of the Prophet, Umm Fadhl bint al-Harith, Salma the wife of Hamzah, and Asma bint Umais who is their mother’s brother.” (Narrated by al-Hakim in al-Mustadrak 6801. He say sahih according to Muslim terms).

Marry the Prophet

The love story began when Maimunah lived alone without a husband. Al-Abbas who was a person near Maimunah and a person near the Messenger of Allah, offered Maimunah to the Prophet when he was in Juhfah. The Prophet was also interested and then married him. Land in Sarif, 10 miles from Mecca witnessed this household began to be fostered. This marriage took place in the 7th year H (629 AD) during Umrah qadha. Through Abbas, the Messenger of Allah paid a dowry worth 400 Dirhams.

Previously, Maimunah was the wife of Abu Ruhm bin Abdul Uzza bin Abu Qais bin Abdu Wud bin Nashr bin Malik bin Hasl bin Amir bin Luay. Some claim that Maimunah was the woman who offered herself to the Prophet. While waiting for his message, Maimunah said, “This mount and what is on it is for Allah and His Messenger.” Allah Ta’ala took down his firm,

وَامْرَأَةً مُؤْمِنَةً إِنْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِلنَّبِيِّ إِنْ أَرَادَ النَّبِيُّ أَنْ يَسْتَنْكِحَهَا خَالِصَةً لَكَ مِنْ دُونِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ

“And Muslim women who surrender themselves to the Prophet if the Prophet wants to marry her, as a specialization for you, not for all believers.” [Al-Ahzab Quran: 50]

Others say that Maimunah’s name was Barrah. Then the Prophet replaced him with Maimunah. He is a wife who is very close to the Prophet. Among the proof of his closeness was that the Prophet used to bathe with him through the same water container (Tabari Muhibbuddin: as-Simthu ats-Tsamin, p. 192).

Wedding Lessons

By marrying Maimunah, the Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam had done great benefit. Her brother-in-law’s relationship with Bani Hilal managed to attract their sympathy. Make them not hesitate to embrace this noble religion. Because they did not feel there was a distance between them and the Prophet Muhammad. Lost the clumsy and heavy feeling in the heart. Taka is more proud, because they have become one family (Muhammad Fathi Mus’id: Ummahatul Mukminin, p. 206).

Muhammad Rashid Rida Rahimahullah said, “Uncle of the Prophet, Abbas, was the one who really wanted this marriage. Plus Maimunah is his wife’s sister, Lubabah al-Kubra Um Fadhl. He tied both of them with the permission of Ummul Fadhl. If Abbas did not see any major problems from this marriage, surely he would not have been so concerned about this (Muhammad Rasyid Ridha: Nida Li al-Jinsi al-Lathif fi Huquq an-Nisa fi al-Islam, p. 84).

In the Nabawi Household

Ibn Hisham said, “Maimunah gave up her business to her sister, Umul Fadhl. Then Umm Fadhl discussed it with her husband, Abbas. Until finally the Prophet married her. And gave a dowry of 400 Dirhams (Ibn Kathir: as-Sirah an-Nabawiyah: 3/439).

Others say Maimunah immediately offered herself to the Prophet. Then Allah Ta’ala revealed His word,

وَامْرَأَةً مُؤْمِنَةً إِنْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِلنَّبِيِّ إِنْ أَرَادَ النَّبِيُّ أَنْ يَسْتَنْكِحَهَا خَالِصَةً لَكَ مِنْ دُونِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ

“And Muslim women who surrender themselves to the Prophet if the Prophet wants to marry her, as a specialization for you, not for all believers.” [Al-Ahzab Quran: 50]

Maimunah said, “The camel and what is on it belong to the Prophet.” (Ibn Hisham: as-Sirah an-Nabawiyah, 2/646).

By becoming the wife of the Prophet sallallaahu aih alaihi wa sallam, Maimunah bint al-Harith Allah be upon him ‘anha joined other wives. They both have a role in conveying the life of the Prophet to his people. As the word of Allah Ta’ala,

وَاذْكُرْنَ مَا يُتْلَى فِي بُيُوتِكُنَّ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَالْحِكْمَةِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ لَطِيفًا خَبِيرًا

“And remember what was read in your house from the verses of Allah and wisdom (the sunnah of your prophet). Lo! Allah is the Most Gentle, the Knower. “[Quran Al-Ahzab: 34]

Among the duties of the wives of the Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam was to convey the Shariah laws, activities of the Prophet, which were not seen by the general public. They conveyed how the Prophet bathed and performed ablution. What the Prophet did before and during sleep, also when waking up from sleep. When entering and leaving the house, and other things that cannot be known in detail except by his wives, Allah ‘anununna. They are the ones who are always with the Prophet at home.

His death

Umul Mukmini Maimunah binti al-Harith Allah be upon him ‘he died in the Sarif area. A place between Mecca and Medina. The first place he built a household with the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam.

He died in 51 H / 671 AD, as confirmed by Ibn Hajar and others. When he died, his age was 80 or 81 years (Ibn Saad: ath-Thabaqat al-Kubra, 8/140).

The First Believer, Shafiyah bint Huyai

The First Believers Shafiyah bint Huyai had a noble lineage. He is a nobleman Bani Nadhir, the descendant of Prophet Harun aih alaihissalam. This means that if the nasab line is drawn, Moses ‘alaihissalam counted as his uncle. The virtue is more complete because the Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam was her husband.

Nasab

He is Shafiyah bint Huyai bin Akhtab bin Shu’ah bin Ubaid bin Ka’ab bin al-Khazraj bin Abi Hubaib ibn Nadhir bin an-Niham bin Tahum of the Children of Israel who included the grandson of the Prophet Harun bin Imran ‘alaihissalam. His mother is Barrah binti Samau-al.

Ummah Mu’minin Shafiyah was born in 9 years before hijrah and died 50 H. The year of birth and death coincided with 613 AD and 670 AD

Before marrying the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alahi wa sallam, Shafiyah’s mother was married to Sallam bin Misykam. He is a poet. Then Sallam divorced him. Next he married Kinanah bin Abu Huqaiq who was also a poet. In those days, poets held a noble position. They are counted as clever scholars. And his last husband was killed in the Khaibar War (Ibn Abdil Bar: al-Isti’ab, 4/1871 and Tabari’s Muhibbuddin: as-Simthu ats-Tsamin Hal: 201).

Those Who Hate the Rabbani Treatise

Ummah of the Faithful Shafiyah radhiallahu ha anha was a nobleman Bani Quraizhah and Bani an-Nadhir. His father, Huyai bin Akhtab, was both a Jewish figure and their cleric. The father knew that Muhammad bin Abdullah was an end-time prophet. He knew exactly since the first time the feet of the noble Prophet had landed on the land of Yathrib (the name of Medina in the past). But he is arrogant and rejects the truth. Because of what? Because the prophet came from Arabia not from children descended from Israel (Prophet Ya’qub).

The situation of Ummul Mukmini Shafiyah’s father, he immediately told himself. He said, “There is not one of my father’s and uncle’s children who both love me more than me. None of the children both made them happy, except he involved me with him. When the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam arrived at Quba -perkampungan Banu Amr bin Auf-, my father and uncle, Abu Yasir bin Akhtab, came to see him in the early morning. For God’s sake, they just came home to meet us when the sun disappeared. Both of them came with a withered, weak expression, and the road was strangled sluggishly. I tried to make them happy as I usually do. For God’s sake, neither of them cared even if they just turned to me. I heard my uncle, Abu Yasir, spoke to my father, “Is he really the prophet? “Yes, for God’s sake,” answered father. “You recognize him from the characteristics and signs?” Asked uncle again. “Yes, for God’s sake,” my father gave the same answer. “Then how are you going to be with him?” Asked uncle. Father replied, “For God’s sake, hostility while I’m still alive.”

Moses bin Uqbah az-Zuhri told that when the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam in Medina, Abu Yasir bin Akhtab came to see him. He heard his words. After that, he returned to his people and said, “Obey me. Surely God has brought you someone you have been waiting for. Follow him! Don’t you sideline it. “

Then Huyai bin Akhtab, who was the leader of the Jews, immediately moved to meet the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. He sat down and heard the Prophet’s words. After that go home to his people. Huyai is an adherent. He said, “I have come to meet the man. For God’s sake, I will always be hostile to him forever. “

Abu Yasir said, “Hi, my uncle’s son, come with me on this matter. Besides this matter, please not with me as you please. You will not perish. “

Huyai replied, “No! For the sake of Allah! I will not obey you. “He was ruled by Satan. And his people followed his views (Ibn Hisham: as-Sirah an-Nabawiyah 1 / 519-520 and Ibn Kathir: as-Sirah an-Nabawiyah 2/298).

Most beautiful wedding

Since the Prophet arrived in Medina, the Khaibar Jews have unanimously rejected the peaceful invitation. The impasse cannot be broken except by war. The war broke out between the two groups which were finally won by Muslims.

When the prisoners were gathered, Dihyah bin Khalifah al-Kalbi met the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. He said, “O Messenger of Allah, give me a slave girl from this prisoner.” The Prophet responded, “Please. Take a slave girl. “In the midst of the Angel Gabriel likes to like him, choose Shafiyah bint Huyai.

Then someone came to see the Prophet. He said, “O Prophet of Allah, you have given Dihyah a Shafiyah bint Huyai. A figure of Banu Quraizah and Banu Nadhir. Women who are not worthy of anyone but you. Then the Prophet said, “Call Dihyah together with Shafiyah.” He also came carrying Shafiyah. When the Prophet saw Shafiyah, he said to Dihyah, “Choose a female prisoner other than herself.”

On another occasion, the Prophet sallallaahu aih alaihi wa sallam ordered Bilal to bring Shafiyah. When they were about to meet the Prophet, Bilal brought Shafiyah through the road which had many victims of war. The Prophet did not like what Bilal did. He said, “Have you lost your love for yourself, Bilal?”

The Prophet offered Shafiyah to embrace Islam. He also chose Islam. Then the Prophet married her (after the prayer period was over). His release as a prisoner is his marriage dowry. When looking at him, the Prophet saw a bruise on Shafiyah’s face. He asked, “What is this?” Shafiyah replied, “Before your arrival, I dreamed as if the moon had disappeared from its place and entered my house. For God’s sake, at that time I didn’t mention you at all. Then I told the husband my dream. He also slapped me. “He said,” You expect the ruler of Medina! “(Ibnul Qayyim: Zadul Ma’ad, 3/291)

One of the lessons from the multiplication of the wife of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam is social factors. That is helping and maintaining the feelings of people who are married. Islam maintains one’s position. With Islam their position does not fall, even more noble. Who is noble before embracing Islam, the more noble his position with Islam. Likewise the state of the Believers Shafiyah bint Huyai radhiallahu ‘anha. He is a noble woman before embracing Islam. A leader of his people. Daughter of the head of the tribe. And the wife of a noble too. After he embraced Islam, this noble religion still maintained his position. Maintain his feelings. Allah married him to the most noble man in the midst of the Muslims, the Messenger of Allah sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam.

The Prophet glorified Shafiyah

The Messenger of Allah was a gentle and loving person to his wives, including to the Ummah of the Believers Shafiyah radhiallahu ‘anha. One day, it arrived at Shafiyah’s ears that the Prophet’s wife, Hafah binti Umar, called it a daughter of a Jew. Shafiyah cried. At the same time the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam came to see him and saw him crying. He asked, “What makes you cry?” He replied, “Hafah binti Umar told me that I was the daughter of a Jew.” The Prophet said to him, “Surely you are the daughter of a prophet. Your uncle is a prophet. And you are in the shade of a prophet. How are you not proud of that? “Then he said to Hafsha,” O Hafshah, fear Allah. “(Tabari Muhibbuddin: as-Shimthu ats-Tsamin p. 207).

Shafiyah the daughter of a prophet was the one who arrived at Prophet Aaron. So that Prophet Aaron counted as his father. And Prophet Aaron is the brother of Prophet Moses. So he has a prophet uncle too. About under the auspices of the prophet. That means your husband who shelves you is a prophet.

One day the Prophet sallallaahu aih alaihi wasallam beri’tikaf at the mosque. Prophet with his wives. When they left, the Prophet said to Shafiyah bint Huyay, “Don’t hurry home. I’ll take you. “Shafiyah’s house is in the place of Usamah. The Prophet sallallaahu alaihi wa sallam came out with Shafiyah. On the road, the Prophet met two Ansar men. Both looked at the Prophet sallallaahu ahu alaihi wasallam for a moment then continued to walk. He sallallaahu aih alaihi wasallam said to both, “Come here, this is Shafiyah bint Huyay”. So both said, “Exalted be Allah, O Messenger of Allah”. Then he sallallaahu aih alaihi wasallam said, “Surely the shetan runs on mankind through the bloodstream and I am worried that a feeling has arisen in both of you.” (Narrated by Al-Bukhari No. 1897 Kitab I’tikaf)

Die

Ummah Believers Shafiyah bint Huyai radhiallahu ha anha died in 50 H / 670 AD in the reign of Muawiyah ibn Abu Sufyan radhiallahu ‘anhu. And he was buried in Baqi Cemetery ‘(Ibn Hajar: Tadzhib at-Tadzhib, 12/380).

Mother of the Faithful Ramlah bint Abu Sufyan (Umm Habibah)

Umm Habibah is a woman who is married to the Prophet from a distance. Rasulullah in Medina, while he was in Africa, in Habasyah. How can? Check out the following story.

Nasab

As we know, in Arabic the names that previously contained the words Ummu, Abu, Ibn, and bintu are called kun-yah. Likewise with Umm Habibah. This is chewing not a name. His name is Ramlah bint Abu Sufyan (Shakhr) bin Harb bin Umayyah ibn Abdusy Syams bin Abdu Manaf al-Umawiyah. He was born 25 years before hijrah. And died in 44 H.

His mother was Shafiyah bint Abi al-Ash bin Umayyah. His mother was the aunt of the Caliph Uthman ibn Affan radhiallahu ‘anhu.

Migrate

Umm Habibah moved with her husband, Ubaidullah bin Jahsy, to Habasyah on the second hijrah. It was there that he gave birth to a child named Habibah. But unfortunately, the husband apostatized and embraced Christianity while on earth hijrah Habasyah. Of course this is a big disaster for Umm Habibah. He is overseas. Foreign countries are far from relatives. When he returned to Mecca’s hometown, he was under threat. His father did not accept his Islam. Now he is truly alone after his husband lapsed. But he remained firm with his Islam (Ibn Sayyid an-Nas: Uyun al-Atsar, 2/389).

In Habasyah, Umm Habibah dreamed of a strange dream. Then this dream came true. He said, “In my dream I saw my husband Ubaidullah bin Jahsy looks very bad looking. I feel scared. From there the situation changed. In the morning my husband said, ‘Hi Umm Habibah, really I have never seen a better religion than Christianity. In the past, I embraced this religion. After that I embraced Muhammad’s religion. Now I’m back to being a Christian. I told him, “For God’s sake, there is no good for you.” I told him about my dream. But he doesn’t care. Finally he became a khamr addict until his death.

Position and Virtue

From the nasab side, Umm Habibah was a Quraysh woman who connected her nasab with the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam to Abdu Manaf. And no one of his wives he married remotely like Umm Habibah (Adz-Dzahabi: Siyar A’lam an-Nubala 2/219).

Another position, he was the daughter of a great figure in Mecca and its leader, Abu Sufyan bin Harb. Of course his Islam is very risky for him and embarrasses his father. He knows that embracing Islam is like offering yourself to great danger. Undoubtedly, he must have made his father angry. That’s why he traveled a long and tiring journey with his husband to Africa far away. Move to Habasyah. The weight of the hijrah was felt even more because at that time he was pregnant with his child, Habibah (Ibn Saad: ath-Thabaqat al-Kubra 8/97). This is the struggle in the way of God. Proving sincerity and the depth of his faith in Allah Ta’ala.

The test for him didn’t stop there. On the overseas, the husband apostates. And died in a state of suul khatimah. Kufur embraced Christianity. However heavy he felt, he remained strong. His kufr father, her apostate husband, his days of solitude did not shake his image.

Good news

On another occasion, Umm Habibah dreamed again. But the dream this time is a beautiful dream. There was someone who came to him and said, “O Ummah Believers.” I was shocked. And kutakwil dream that the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam invited me. After the end of my iddah, a messenger arrived at Ndasyi at the door. Request permission to meet. Apparently it was her slave girl whose name was Abraha. He was the one who took care of an-Najasyi’s clothes and oiled himself. He entered my house and said, “The king advised you,” Indeed, the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam wrote me a letter to marry you to him. ‘ God gives you such good tidings, “continued the slave. He continued, “The king said to you to appoint the person who represents you to marry you off.” Um Habibah sent Khalid bin Said bin al-Ash. He represented himself with Khalid. Then he gave Abraha two silver bracelets and two jewelry worn on his feet. And also the silver install was pinned to his toes. It is a form of gratitude for the good news he brings.

When it arrived in the afternoon, an-Najasyi ruled Ja’far bin Abu Talib to invite the Muslims to attend this wedding reception. An-Najasyi preached, “All praise is to God. The Lord, the Holy One, the Giver of salvation, the Most Gracious, the Guardian, the Mighty, and the Strong. I bear witness that there is no true worship except Allah. And Muhammad is His servant and messenger. He was the one reported by Isa bin Maryam. Amma ba’du. Indeed the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam wrote a letter to me to marry him to Umm Habibah bint Abu Sufyan. I also fulfilled the appeal of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. And I give 400 Dinars. Then I leave the Dinars to a group of people. “

Khalid bin Saad turned to speak, “All praise is to Allah. I praise Him, ask Him, and ask for His help. I bear witness not as true worshipers except God, there is no ally for Him. And I testify that Muhammad is His servant and messenger. He sent it with instructions and true religion. So that the religion wins compared to other religions. Even though it made the idolaters hate. Amma ba’du. I have fulfilled the appeal of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. And he married me with Umm Habibah bint Abu Sufyan. May the blessings of Allah for the Messenger of Allaah be upon him, peace be upon him.

A number of the Dinars were handed over to Khalid bin Saad. Then he hugged him. Feeling the event was over, the guests began to leave. Khalid said, “Sit down. Indeed, among the sunnah of the prophets when they were married, they gave food dishes “. He also invited them to eat. Meals are eaten. After that, they go home.

Umm Habibah said, “When the dowry arrived in my hand, I gave it to Abraha who gave me good news. I told him, pernah I’ve given you what I gave at that time. Even though at that time, I didn’t have a penny. There are fifty scholars (a number of assets). Take it and use it. ‘ He refused the treasure. Every time I give him, he always returns it to me. He said, ‘The king told me not to accept any of you. And I’m the one who takes care of his clothes and fragrances. Indeed, I have followed the religion of Muhammad the Messenger of Allaah (peace be upon him). And I have surrendered (to Islam) to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala. The king instructs his wives to send you the fragrances they have. ‘

Umm Habibah said, “The next day I came to Gaharu, Waros, perfume seeds, zabbad (a type of fragrance). I put all that to the Messenger of Allah. He saw it and did not deny it. “

Abraha said, “My wish to you is only that you deliver greetings from me to the Prophet sallallaahu‘ alaihi wa sallam. Tell him that I have followed his religion. “Said Umm Habibah, Abraha always did good and served him. Every time he met Umm Habibah, he always reminded, “Don’t forget you convey my wishes.”

Umm Habibah said, “When I met the Prophet sallallaahu‘ alaihi wa sallam, I told him about the process of application and all the good deeds of Abraha to me. He smiled. And I convey greetings from him to him. The Prophet answered,

وَعَلَيْهَا السَّلامُ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ

“For him also salvation, mercy, and blessings from Allah.” (Ibn Saad: ath-Thabaqat al-Kubra, 8 / 97-98).

Wedding Lessons

The Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam married Umm Habibah in the 7th year H. He married him for glorifying him and affirming his religion. We know how Umm Habibah lived. The ordeal of the father, husband, and circumstances have forged it. Not a few women who firmly hold onto the truth fell weak when her husband, who was originally a soldier, turned back. But not with Umm Habibah. He emigrated with his son. Feeling sad to leave the husband in a situation he desperately needed. The parents who should be the place to complain – after God – cannot be counted on. He lived alone in a place miles away from his hometown. But he remained patient with his situation. Stay firm in holding on to his religion. Then God comforted him by marrying him to His Messenger sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. And make it the mother of those who believe.

Pay attention! How was the attention of the Prophet sallallaahu aih alaihi wa sallam towards the Muslims. Even though they were in a far country in Habasyah, he kept up with their news. Even news of their individual development. Among them about Umm Habibah. Rotating trials come to him. He remained firm with his faith and religion. He is patient. And Allah repaid his patience by marrying him to the best human that ever existed.

His love for the Prophet

It is reported that Abu Sufyan came to Medina. His arrival in order to lobby the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam to make peace. After they themselves, the Quraysh, canceled the Hudaibiyah Treaty. After the Prophet refused his request, Abu Sufyan tried another way. Namely lobbying the Prophet through his daughter who was the wife of the Prophet, Umm Habibah radhiallahu ha anha.

When Abu Sufyan was about to sit on the bed of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, Umm Habibah immediately folded it. Abu Sufyan said, “My daughter, (I don’t understand) is this bed not suitable for me (because you want better). Or am I not fit to sit on the bed? “Um Habibah said,” This is the mattress of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. While you are an unclean polytheist. I don’t like dad sitting on his bed the Prophet sallallaahu aih alaihi wa sallam. “Abu Sufyan said,” My daughter, you became evil after parting with me. “” (No) even God pointed me to Islam. And you – father father – are figures and magnates of Quraysh, how can you escape from embracing Islam. -As a big person- You even worship a rock that doesn’t hear also see ?! “Abu Sufyan went to leave his daughter (Ash-Shalihi ash-Syami: Subul al-Huda wa ar-Rasyad, 5/206).

The love of Umm Habibah radhiallahu ‘anha to the Prophet sallallaahu‘ alaihi wa sallam was also illustrated in the following history:

“O Messenger of Allah, marry my sister, daughter of Abu Sufyan.” The Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam replied, “Are you happy about that?” Um Habibah replied, “Right, I don’t just want to be your wife, and I want my sister join me in obtaining goodness “. The Prophet sallallaahu aih alaihi wa sallam said, “Your sister is not lawful to me. Umm Habibah said, “We heard the news that you wanted to marry Abu Salamah’s daughter?” He said, “Abu Salamah’s daughter?” Um Habiibah replied, “Yes.” He said, “If he was not my stepdaughter in my care, he still did not lawfully marry me, because he was the daughter of my brother from an intercourse, that is, me and Abu Salamah were both breastfed by Tsuwaibah (Mawla Abu Lahab). Therefore, do not offer your daughter or sister to me. “(Narrated by Bukhari, no. 5101 and Muslim, no. 1449).

Some say that the word of Allah Ta’ala:

عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الَّذِينَ عَادَيْتُمْ مِنْهُمْ مَوَدَّةً قَدليرٌ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ

“Hopefully Allah will cause affection between you and the people you oppose among them. And Allah is Almighty. And Allah is Forgiving, Most Merciful. “[Quran Al-Mumtahanah: 7].

This verse goes down related to Abu Sufyan. The Prophet married his daughter, Umm Habibah radhiallahu ha anha. Then it became the connecting rope of the relationship of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam with Abu Sufyan (Ibn Kathir: Interpretation of the Koran al-Azhim, 8/89).

After the Prophet’s death

After the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam died, Um Habibah remained the same person. He is still the old woman, who is firm in holding onto the truth. When the news of his father’s death came, he asked for perfume. (After being brought in), he rubbed it on his two hearts as he said, “Actually I didn’t need this perfume if I hadn’t heard the Prophet sallallaahu‘ alaihi wa sallam say,

لا يحل لامرأة تؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر أن تحد على ميت فوق ثلاث ليال, إلا على زوج أربعة أشهر وعشرا

“It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the last day of mourning for a minor more than three days, except for her husband, for four months and ten days.” (Narrated by Bukhari, no. 5335 and Muslim, no. 1491)

During his 33 years of continuing his life after the death of the Prophet sallallaahu aih alaihi wa sallam, Um Habibah passed many great events with the Muslims. When there was a catastrophe in the time of Uthman, the rebels became increasingly violent. Someone said, “If you meet one of the believers’ ummah. Hopefully they stop from Uthman. They met Umm Habibah bint Abu Sufyan. I (the narrator, Hasan al-Basri) saw that he was in the sack above Bagal (a white breed with a donkey). People took him to Uthman’s residence. But the rebels turned their heads. They refused. (Adz-Dzahabi: Siyar Alam an-Nubala, 4/569).

Umm Habibah radhiallahu ‘anha also kept good relations with her sisters and wives of the Prophet. From ‘Auf bin Al-Harith, he heard Ayesha radhiyallahu ha anha said,” Um Habibah once called me when he was about to die. He said, ‘Between us there must have been a problem. May Allah forgive me and you from whatever happened between us. “Ayesha also said,” God forgive you for all your mistakes and justify it all. “Um Habibah then said,” You have made me happy, may Allah also give you happiness. “Um Habibah also stated to Um Salamah like that too. (Ibn Saad: ath-Thabaqat al-Kubra, 8/100).

His death

Umm Habibah died in the city of Medina in 44 H. At that time he was 86 years old. He wa fat during the reign of his brother, Muawiyah ibn Abu Sufyan. May Allah bless them all (Ibn Hajar: al-Ishabah fi Tamyiz ash-Shahabah, 7/653).

The story of Ali’s Marriage with Sahih Fatimah

Is it true the story of Fatimah’s marriage;
Fatimah who was the daughter of the Prophet was very obedient to the Prophet. Fatimah is also known as a child who is very devoted to parents. Ali Bin Abi Talib was first knocked when Fatimah swiftly washed and treated the wounds of her father, Muhammad, who was seriously wounded by fighting.

Since then, Ali was determined to propose to the daughter of the Prophet, namely Fatimah. Ali is also known as a brave figure and a person who is very close to the Prophet. When the Prophet Muhammad received the revelation, Ali was the second person who believed in the revelation after Khadijah, the wife of the Prophet. However, Ali is a poor young man. His life is spent preaching in the way of Allah. For this reason, he was determined to save diligently to buy a dowry and apply for Fatimah.

Not even Ali’s money to buy a dowry, Ali suddenly heard that the Prophet’s friend Abu Bakr had proposed to Fatimah. Ali also felt sadness in his heart. However, Ali was aware that his rival had a higher quality of faith and Islam than him.

Ali’s sadness stopped for a moment because Fatimah refused Abu Bakr’s proposal.

But Ali’s cheerfulness began to dim again hearing that Umar Bin Khatab had applied for Fatimah. Again, Ali could only surrender because he competed with the mighty Umar Bin Khatab. However, fate returned to Ali’s side. Umar Bin Khatab was rejected by Fatimah.

But at that time Ali had not dared to take a stand, he realized that he was only a poor young man. Even the possessions he possessed were only a set of armor there plus a supply of coarse flour to eat.

Answer:

Bismillah was shalatu was greeting ‘ala Rasulillah, wa ba’du,

We have never come across a history that mentions such a detailed and detailed marriage story. The history we meet is as follows,

[1] From Buraidah radhiyallahu ‘anhu, he recounts,

خَطَبَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ رضى الله عنهما فَاطِمَةَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- «إِنَّهَا صَغِيرَةٌ». فَخَطَبَهَا عَلِىٌّ فَزَوَّجَهَا مِنْهُ

Abu Bakr and Umar radhiyallahu ‘anhuma once applied for Fatimah. But the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam said,‘ He was still small. ‘Then Fatimah was proposed by Ali, then the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam married him to Fatimah. (Narrated by Nasai 3234, Ibn Hibban 6948 and dishahihkan Syuaib al-Arnauth).

[2] A history of dialogue between Ali and his former slaves before marrying Fatimah

Mentioned by Ibn Kathir in Nabawiyah Sirah and al-Baihaqi in ad-Dalail, from Ali radhiyallahu ‘anhu,

I want to propose to Fatimah. Then my former slave told me,

“Do you know that Fatimah has been proposed?”

“Don’t know.” I replied.

“He has been proposed. Why did you not immediately come to meet the Prophet sallallaahu aih alaihi wa sallam to marry him? “Obviously my ex-slave.

“What do I have to marry him?”

“If you come to the Prophet sallallaahu‘ alaihi wa sallam, he will marry you. “Said my former slave.

He continued to motivate me until I came to the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. When I sit in front of him, I can only be silent. For God’s sake, I could not speak anything, seeing the authority of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam.

Ask the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam,

ما جاء بك ، ألك حاجة؟

“You come, what’s wrong? What needs? “

I can only be quiet.

He asked again,

لعلك جئت تخطب فاطمة؟

“You came to propose to Fatimah?”

“Yes.” I replied.

Ask the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam,

وهل عندك من شيء تستحلها به؟

“Do you have something that can be used for the dowry?”

“Nothing, Yes, Rasulullah …” I replied.

Then the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam asked,

ما فعلت درع سلحتكها؟

What about the shield I have given you?

“By Allah, that is only Huthamiyah, the value does not reach 4 dirhams.” I replied.

Then the Prophet sallalla ‘alaihi wa sallam married Ali with Fatimah with mahar tameng Huthamiyah.

In Ahmad and Nasai’s history, stated,

I married Fatimah radhiyallahu ‘anha. I said to the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam,

“O Messenger of Allah, allow me to meet Fatimah”

“Give the dowry to him!” Replied the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam.

“I don’t have anything.” I replied.

Then the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam asked,

فأين دِرْعُكَ الْحُطَمِيَّة؟

“Where is your Huthamiyah shield?”

“It’s in my place.” I replied.

“Give it to him!” Commanded the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. (Narrated by Ahmad 603, Nasai 3388 and humiliated by Syuaib al-Arnauth).

Allahu a’lam.

Umamah bint Abu al-Ash, the granddaughter of the Prophet

Umamah bint Abu al-Ash was one of the beloved grandchildren of the Prophet sallallaahu aih alaihi wa sallam. He once carried him when praying. So that we also know the procedure for prayer while carrying a baby. Here is a brief account of this prophet’s family.

Nasab

Umamah is the daughter of Abu al-Ash bin ar-Rabi ‘bin Abdu al-Uzza bin Abdu ash-Shams bin Abdu Manaf bin Qushay. His mother was Zainab the daughter of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Umamah was the first grandson of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. So naturally he is called the beloved of the Prophet. As generally a grandfather gets his first grandchild.

From the nasab side, surely Umamah has the best nasab. He was born from the best family. His noblest grandfather of man. And his grandmother, the First Believer, Khadija radhiallahu ‘anha, is also the best woman in the world and the hereafter. And his mother is the eldest daughter of the Prophet.

While his father, Abu al-Ash, was a Meccan man who was known to have noble character. He was also called al-amin (who was honest and trustworthy) by the people of Mecca. An honest trader. Fulfill the rights of others. He was very respectful and in love with his father-in-law, the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Evidenced by the frequent visits to his father-in-law’s house because of respect for him. The Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam praised him in front of the Companions:

حَدَّثَنِي فَصَدَقَنِي ، وَوَعَدَنِي فَأَوْفَى لِي …

“He told me honestly. And fulfill his promise to me … “(Muttafaqun‘ alaih: al-Bukhari No.2943 and Muslim No. 2449).

Umamah’s position in the heart of the Prophet

Umamah is the beloved grandson of the Prophet. He sallallaahu aih alaihi wa sallam had prayed while carrying Umamah bint Abu al-Ash on his shoulder. When bowing, he put it down. When standing, he carried back (ath-Thabaqat al-Kubra Cet. Al-‘Alamiyah 8/23).

It is narrated from Ummul Mu’minin Ayesha radhiallahu ‘that in fact the Prophet sallallaahu‘ alaihi wa sallam was once given a necklace by a woman. Don’t say,

لَأَدْفَعَنَّهَا إِلَى أَحَبِّ أَهْلِي إِلَيَّ

“I will give this gift to my family that I love the most.”

Ayesha went with him. Then the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam called Umamah the daughter of Zainab, and held the gift around his neck (al-Isti’ab fi Ma’rifati al-Ash-hab 4/1789. History of Ahmad in his Musnad 6/101. Shaykh Syu’aib al -Arnauth commented on: sanadnya dhaif).

From the Ummah Believers Ayesha radhiallahu ha anha, he told me that an-Najasyi gave a gift to the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam jewelry. Among the jewelry is a gold ring. He took the ring and sent it to his daughter Zainab. He said,

تَحَلِّي بِهَذَا يَا بُنَيَّةُ “

“Decorate with this O my grandson.” (Thabaqat al-Kubra Cet. Al-ami Alamiyah 8/186. Sunan Abu Dawud No.4235, 2/493, celebrated by al-Albani).

Umamah wears it too. And enjoy the love, attention, and gentleness of his grandfather.

Umamah Marriage

Fatimah bint Rasulullah radhiallahu ‘anha -bibi Umamah- had the intention that Ali bin Abu Talib married Umamah after his death. After Fatimah died, Ali married Umamah. After Ali’s death, Umamah was married to az-Zubair bin al-Awwam then al-Mughirah bin Naufal radhiallahu ‘anhuma.

He has no offspring from his marriage. So that the Prophet’s daughter Zainab did not have grandchildren (al-Isti’ab fi Ma’rifati al-Ash-hab 4/1789).

His death

Umamah bint Abu al-Ash radhiallahu wa had died when he was the wife of al-Mughirah bin Naufal ibn al-Harith radhiallahu ‘anhu. And historical references do not mention details about his death.

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